"""
Classes for the efficient drawing of large collections of objects that
share most properties, e.g., a large number of line segments or
polygons.
The classes are not meant to be as flexible as their single element
counterparts (e.g., you may not be able to select all line styles) but
they are meant to be fast for common use cases (e.g., a large set of solid
line segments).
"""
import math
from numbers import Number
import numpy as np
import matplotlib as mpl
from . import (_path, artist, cbook, cm, colors as mcolors, docstring,
lines as mlines, path as mpath, transforms)
import warnings
[docs]@cbook._define_aliases({
"antialiased": ["antialiaseds", "aa"],
"edgecolor": ["edgecolors", "ec"],
"facecolor": ["facecolors", "fc"],
"linestyle": ["linestyles", "dashes", "ls"],
"linewidth": ["linewidths", "lw"],
})
class Collection(artist.Artist, cm.ScalarMappable):
r"""
Base class for Collections. Must be subclassed to be usable.
A Collection represents a sequence of `.Patch`\es that can be drawn
more efficiently together than individually. For example, when a single
path is being drawn repeatedly at different offsets, the renderer can
typically execute a ``draw_marker()`` call much more efficiently than a
series of repeated calls to ``draw_path()`` with the offsets put in
one-by-one.
Most properties of a collection can be configured per-element. Therefore,
Collections have "plural" versions of many of the properties of a `.Patch`
(e.g. `.Collection.get_paths` instead of `.Patch.get_path`). Exceptions are
the *zorder*, *hatch*, *pickradius*, *capstyle* and *joinstyle* properties,
which can only be set globally for the whole collection.
Besides these exceptions, all properties can be specified as single values
(applying to all elements) or sequences of values. The property of the
``i``\th element of the collection is::
prop[i % len(prop)]
Each Collection can optionally be used as its own `.ScalarMappable` by
passing the *norm* and *cmap* parameters to its constructor. If the
Collection's `.ScalarMappable` matrix ``_A`` has been set (via a call
to `.Collection.set_array`), then at draw time this internal scalar
mappable will be used to set the ``facecolors`` and ``edgecolors``,
ignoring those that were manually passed in.
"""
_offsets = np.zeros((0, 2))
_transOffset = transforms.IdentityTransform()
#: Either a list of 3x3 arrays or an Nx3x3 array (representing N
#: transforms), suitable for the `all_transforms` argument to
#: `~matplotlib.backend_bases.RendererBase.draw_path_collection`;
#: each 3x3 array is used to initialize an
#: `~matplotlib.transforms.Affine2D` object.
#: Each kind of collection defines this based on its arguments.
_transforms = np.empty((0, 3, 3))
# Whether to draw an edge by default. Set on a
# subclass-by-subclass basis.
_edge_default = False
@cbook._delete_parameter("3.3", "offset_position")
def __init__(self,
edgecolors=None,
facecolors=None,
linewidths=None,
linestyles='solid',
capstyle=None,
joinstyle=None,
antialiaseds=None,
offsets=None,
transOffset=None,
norm=None, # optional for ScalarMappable
cmap=None, # ditto
pickradius=5.0,
hatch=None,
urls=None,
offset_position='screen',
zorder=1,
**kwargs
):
"""
Parameters
----------
edgecolors : color or list of colors, default: :rc:`patch.edgecolor`
Edge color for each patch making up the collection. The special
value 'face' can be passed to make the edgecolor match the
facecolor.
facecolors : color or list of colors, default: :rc:`patch.facecolor`
Face color for each patch making up the collection.
linewidths : float or list of floats, default: :rc:`patch.linewidth`
Line width for each patch making up the collection.
linestyles : str or tuple or list thereof, default: 'solid'
Valid strings are ['solid', 'dashed', 'dashdot', 'dotted', '-',
'--', '-.', ':']. Dash tuples should be of the form::
(offset, onoffseq),
where *onoffseq* is an even length tuple of on and off ink lengths
in points. For examples, see
:doc:`/gallery/lines_bars_and_markers/linestyles`.
capstyle : str, default: :rc:`patch.capstyle`
Style to use for capping lines for all paths in the collection.
See :doc:`/gallery/lines_bars_and_markers/joinstyle` for
a demonstration of each of the allowed values.
joinstyle : str, default: :rc:`patch.joinstyle`
Style to use for joining lines for all paths in the collection.
See :doc:`/gallery/lines_bars_and_markers/joinstyle` for
a demonstration of each of the allowed values.
antialiaseds : bool or list of bool, default: :rc:`patch.antialiased`
Whether each pach in the collection should be drawn with
antialiasing.
offsets : (float, float) or list thereof, default: (0, 0)
A vector by which to translate each patch after rendering (default
is no translation). The translation is performed in screen (pixel)
coordinates (i.e. after the Artist's transform is applied).
transOffset : `~.transforms.Transform`, default: `.IdentityTransform`
A single transform which will be applied to each *offsets* vector
before it is used.
offset_position : {'screen' (default), 'data' (deprecated)}
If set to 'data' (deprecated), *offsets* will be treated as if it
is in data coordinates instead of in screen coordinates.
norm : `~.colors.Normalize`, optional
Forwarded to `.ScalarMappable`. The default of
``None`` means that the first draw call will set ``vmin`` and
``vmax`` using the minimum and maximum values of the data.
cmap : `~.colors.Colormap`, optional
Forwarded to `.ScalarMappable`. The default of
``None`` will result in :rc:`image.cmap` being used.
hatch : str, optional
Hatching pattern to use in filled paths, if any. Valid strings are
['/', '\\', '|', '-', '+', 'x', 'o', 'O', '.', '*']. See
:doc:`/gallery/shapes_and_collections/hatch_demo` for the meaning
of each hatch type.
pickradius : float, default: 5.0
If ``pickradius <= 0``, then `.Collection.contains` will return
``True`` whenever the test point is inside of one of the polygons
formed by the control points of a Path in the Collection. On the
other hand, if it is greater than 0, then we instead check if the
test point is contained in a stroke of width ``2*pickradius``
following any of the Paths in the Collection.
urls : list of str, default: None
A URL for each patch to link to once drawn. Currently only works
for the SVG backend. See :doc:`/gallery/misc/hyperlinks_sgskip` for
examples.
zorder : float, default: 1
The drawing order, shared by all Patches in the Collection. See
:doc:`/gallery/misc/zorder_demo` for all defaults and examples.
"""
artist.Artist.__init__(self)
cm.ScalarMappable.__init__(self, norm, cmap)
# list of un-scaled dash patterns
# this is needed scaling the dash pattern by linewidth
self._us_linestyles = [(0, None)]
# list of dash patterns
self._linestyles = [(0, None)]
# list of unbroadcast/scaled linewidths
self._us_lw = [0]
self._linewidths = [0]
self._is_filled = True # May be modified by set_facecolor().
self._hatch_color = mcolors.to_rgba(mpl.rcParams['hatch.color'])
self.set_facecolor(facecolors)
self.set_edgecolor(edgecolors)
self.set_linewidth(linewidths)
self.set_linestyle(linestyles)
self.set_antialiased(antialiaseds)
self.set_pickradius(pickradius)
self.set_urls(urls)
self.set_hatch(hatch)
self._offset_position = "screen"
if offset_position != "screen":
self.set_offset_position(offset_position) # emit deprecation.
self.set_zorder(zorder)
if capstyle:
self.set_capstyle(capstyle)
else:
self._capstyle = None
if joinstyle:
self.set_joinstyle(joinstyle)
else:
self._joinstyle = None
self._offsets = np.zeros((1, 2))
# save if offsets passed in were none...
self._offsetsNone = offsets is None
self._uniform_offsets = None
if offsets is not None:
offsets = np.asanyarray(offsets, float)
# Broadcast (2,) -> (1, 2) but nothing else.
if offsets.shape == (2,):
offsets = offsets[None, :]
if transOffset is not None:
self._offsets = offsets
self._transOffset = transOffset
else:
self._uniform_offsets = offsets
self._path_effects = None
self.update(kwargs)
self._paths = None
[docs] def get_paths(self):
return self._paths
[docs] def set_paths(self):
raise NotImplementedError
[docs] def get_datalim(self, transData):
# Calculate the data limits and return them as a `.Bbox`.
#
# This operation depends on the transforms for the data in the
# collection and whether the collection has offsets:
#
# 1. offsets = None, transform child of transData: use the paths for
# the automatic limits (i.e. for LineCollection in streamline).
# 2. offsets != None: offset_transform is child of transData:
#
# a. transform is child of transData: use the path + offset for
# limits (i.e for bar).
# b. transform is not a child of transData: just use the offsets
# for the limits (i.e. for scatter)
#
# 3. otherwise return a null Bbox.
transform = self.get_transform()
transOffset = self.get_offset_transform()
if (not self._offsetsNone and
not transOffset.contains_branch(transData)):
# if there are offsets but in some coords other than data,
# then don't use them for autoscaling.
return transforms.Bbox.null()
offsets = self._offsets
paths = self.get_paths()
if not transform.is_affine:
paths = [transform.transform_path_non_affine(p) for p in paths]
# Don't convert transform to transform.get_affine() here because
# we may have transform.contains_branch(transData) but not
# transforms.get_affine().contains_branch(transData). But later,
# be careful to only apply the affine part that remains.
if isinstance(offsets, np.ma.MaskedArray):
offsets = offsets.filled(np.nan)
# get_path_collection_extents handles nan but not masked arrays
if len(paths) and len(offsets):
if any(transform.contains_branch_seperately(transData)):
# collections that are just in data units (like quiver)
# can properly have the axes limits set by their shape +
# offset. LineCollections that have no offsets can
# also use this algorithm (like streamplot).
result = mpath.get_path_collection_extents(
transform.get_affine(), paths, self.get_transforms(),
transOffset.transform_non_affine(offsets),
transOffset.get_affine().frozen())
return result.transformed(transData.inverted())
if not self._offsetsNone:
# this is for collections that have their paths (shapes)
# in physical, axes-relative, or figure-relative units
# (i.e. like scatter). We can't uniquely set limits based on
# those shapes, so we just set the limits based on their
# location.
offsets = (transOffset - transData).transform(offsets)
# note A-B means A B^{-1}
offsets = np.ma.masked_invalid(offsets)
if not offsets.mask.all():
points = np.row_stack((offsets.min(axis=0),
offsets.max(axis=0)))
return transforms.Bbox(points)
return transforms.Bbox.null()
[docs] def get_window_extent(self, renderer):
# TODO: check to ensure that this does not fail for
# cases other than scatter plot legend
return self.get_datalim(transforms.IdentityTransform())
def _prepare_points(self):
# Helper for drawing and hit testing.
transform = self.get_transform()
transOffset = self.get_offset_transform()
offsets = self._offsets
paths = self.get_paths()
if self.have_units():
paths = []
for path in self.get_paths():
vertices = path.vertices
xs, ys = vertices[:, 0], vertices[:, 1]
xs = self.convert_xunits(xs)
ys = self.convert_yunits(ys)
paths.append(mpath.Path(np.column_stack([xs, ys]), path.codes))
if offsets.size:
xs = self.convert_xunits(offsets[:, 0])
ys = self.convert_yunits(offsets[:, 1])
offsets = np.column_stack([xs, ys])
if not transform.is_affine:
paths = [transform.transform_path_non_affine(path)
for path in paths]
transform = transform.get_affine()
if not transOffset.is_affine:
offsets = transOffset.transform_non_affine(offsets)
# This might have changed an ndarray into a masked array.
transOffset = transOffset.get_affine()
if isinstance(offsets, np.ma.MaskedArray):
offsets = offsets.filled(np.nan)
# Changing from a masked array to nan-filled ndarray
# is probably most efficient at this point.
return transform, transOffset, offsets, paths
[docs] @artist.allow_rasterization
def draw(self, renderer):
if not self.get_visible():
return
renderer.open_group(self.__class__.__name__, self.get_gid())
self.update_scalarmappable()
transform, transOffset, offsets, paths = self._prepare_points()
gc = renderer.new_gc()
self._set_gc_clip(gc)
gc.set_snap(self.get_snap())
if self._hatch:
gc.set_hatch(self._hatch)
gc.set_hatch_color(self._hatch_color)
if self.get_sketch_params() is not None:
gc.set_sketch_params(*self.get_sketch_params())
if self.get_path_effects():
from matplotlib.patheffects import PathEffectRenderer
renderer = PathEffectRenderer(self.get_path_effects(), renderer)
# If the collection is made up of a single shape/color/stroke,
# it can be rendered once and blitted multiple times, using
# `draw_markers` rather than `draw_path_collection`. This is
# *much* faster for Agg, and results in smaller file sizes in
# PDF/SVG/PS.
trans = self.get_transforms()
facecolors = self.get_facecolor()
edgecolors = self.get_edgecolor()
do_single_path_optimization = False
if (len(paths) == 1 and len(trans) <= 1 and
len(facecolors) == 1 and len(edgecolors) == 1 and
len(self._linewidths) == 1 and
all(ls[1] is None for ls in self._linestyles) and
len(self._antialiaseds) == 1 and len(self._urls) == 1 and
self.get_hatch() is None):
if len(trans):
combined_transform = transforms.Affine2D(trans[0]) + transform
else:
combined_transform = transform
extents = paths[0].get_extents(combined_transform)
if (extents.width < self.figure.bbox.width
and extents.height < self.figure.bbox.height):
do_single_path_optimization = True
if self._joinstyle:
gc.set_joinstyle(self._joinstyle)
if self._capstyle:
gc.set_capstyle(self._capstyle)
if do_single_path_optimization:
gc.set_foreground(tuple(edgecolors[0]))
gc.set_linewidth(self._linewidths[0])
gc.set_dashes(*self._linestyles[0])
gc.set_antialiased(self._antialiaseds[0])
gc.set_url(self._urls[0])
renderer.draw_markers(
gc, paths[0], combined_transform.frozen(),
mpath.Path(offsets), transOffset, tuple(facecolors[0]))
else:
renderer.draw_path_collection(
gc, transform.frozen(), paths,
self.get_transforms(), offsets, transOffset,
self.get_facecolor(), self.get_edgecolor(),
self._linewidths, self._linestyles,
self._antialiaseds, self._urls,
self._offset_position)
gc.restore()
renderer.close_group(self.__class__.__name__)
self.stale = False
[docs] def set_pickradius(self, pr):
"""
Set the pick radius used for containment tests.
Parameters
----------
d : float
Pick radius, in points.
"""
self._pickradius = pr
[docs] def get_pickradius(self):
return self._pickradius
[docs] def contains(self, mouseevent):
"""
Test whether the mouse event occurred in the collection.
Returns ``bool, dict(ind=itemlist)``, where every item in itemlist
contains the event.
"""
inside, info = self._default_contains(mouseevent)
if inside is not None:
return inside, info
if not self.get_visible():
return False, {}
pickradius = (
float(self._picker)
if isinstance(self._picker, Number) and
self._picker is not True # the bool, not just nonzero or 1
else self._pickradius)
if self.axes:
self.axes._unstale_viewLim()
transform, transOffset, offsets, paths = self._prepare_points()
# Tests if the point is contained on one of the polygons formed
# by the control points of each of the paths. A point is considered
# "on" a path if it would lie within a stroke of width 2*pickradius
# following the path. If pickradius <= 0, then we instead simply check
# if the point is *inside* of the path instead.
ind = _path.point_in_path_collection(
mouseevent.x, mouseevent.y, pickradius,
transform.frozen(), paths, self.get_transforms(),
offsets, transOffset, pickradius <= 0,
self._offset_position)
return len(ind) > 0, dict(ind=ind)
[docs] def set_urls(self, urls):
"""
Parameters
----------
urls : list of str or None
Notes
-----
URLs are currently only implemented by the SVG backend. They are
ignored by all other backends.
"""
self._urls = urls if urls is not None else [None]
self.stale = True
[docs] def get_urls(self):
"""
Return a list of URLs, one for each element of the collection.
The list contains *None* for elements without a URL. See
:doc:`/gallery/misc/hyperlinks_sgskip` for an example.
"""
return self._urls
[docs] def set_hatch(self, hatch):
r"""
Set the hatching pattern
*hatch* can be one of::
/ - diagonal hatching
\ - back diagonal
| - vertical
- - horizontal
+ - crossed
x - crossed diagonal
o - small circle
O - large circle
. - dots
* - stars
Letters can be combined, in which case all the specified
hatchings are done. If same letter repeats, it increases the
density of hatching of that pattern.
Hatching is supported in the PostScript, PDF, SVG and Agg
backends only.
Unlike other properties such as linewidth and colors, hatching
can only be specified for the collection as a whole, not separately
for each member.
Parameters
----------
hatch : {'/', '\\', '|', '-', '+', 'x', 'o', 'O', '.', '*'}
"""
self._hatch = hatch
self.stale = True
[docs] def get_hatch(self):
"""Return the current hatching pattern."""
return self._hatch
[docs] def set_offsets(self, offsets):
"""
Set the offsets for the collection.
Parameters
----------
offsets : array-like (N, 2) or (2,)
"""
offsets = np.asanyarray(offsets, float)
if offsets.shape == (2,): # Broadcast (2,) -> (1, 2) but nothing else.
offsets = offsets[None, :]
# This decision is based on how they are initialized above in __init__.
if self._uniform_offsets is None:
self._offsets = offsets
else:
self._uniform_offsets = offsets
self.stale = True
[docs] def get_offsets(self):
"""Return the offsets for the collection."""
# This decision is based on how they are initialized above in __init__.
if self._uniform_offsets is None:
return self._offsets
else:
return self._uniform_offsets
[docs] @cbook.deprecated("3.3")
def set_offset_position(self, offset_position):
"""
Set how offsets are applied. If *offset_position* is 'screen'
(default) the offset is applied after the master transform has
been applied, that is, the offsets are in screen coordinates.
If offset_position is 'data', the offset is applied before the
master transform, i.e., the offsets are in data coordinates.
Parameters
----------
offset_position : {'screen', 'data'}
"""
cbook._check_in_list(['screen', 'data'],
offset_position=offset_position)
self._offset_position = offset_position
self.stale = True
[docs] @cbook.deprecated("3.3")
def get_offset_position(self):
"""
Return how offsets are applied for the collection. If
*offset_position* is 'screen', the offset is applied after the
master transform has been applied, that is, the offsets are in
screen coordinates. If offset_position is 'data', the offset
is applied before the master transform, i.e., the offsets are
in data coordinates.
"""
return self._offset_position
[docs] def set_linewidth(self, lw):
"""
Set the linewidth(s) for the collection. *lw* can be a scalar
or a sequence; if it is a sequence the patches will cycle
through the sequence
Parameters
----------
lw : float or list of floats
"""
if lw is None:
lw = mpl.rcParams['patch.linewidth']
if lw is None:
lw = mpl.rcParams['lines.linewidth']
# get the un-scaled/broadcast lw
self._us_lw = np.atleast_1d(np.asarray(lw))
# scale all of the dash patterns.
self._linewidths, self._linestyles = self._bcast_lwls(
self._us_lw, self._us_linestyles)
self.stale = True
[docs] def set_linestyle(self, ls):
"""
Set the linestyle(s) for the collection.
=========================== =================
linestyle description
=========================== =================
``'-'`` or ``'solid'`` solid line
``'--'`` or ``'dashed'`` dashed line
``'-.'`` or ``'dashdot'`` dash-dotted line
``':'`` or ``'dotted'`` dotted line
=========================== =================
Alternatively a dash tuple of the following form can be provided::
(offset, onoffseq),
where ``onoffseq`` is an even length tuple of on and off ink in points.
Parameters
----------
ls : str or tuple or list thereof
Valid values for individual linestyles include {'-', '--', '-.',
':', '', (offset, on-off-seq)}. See `.Line2D.set_linestyle` for a
complete description.
"""
try:
if isinstance(ls, str):
ls = cbook.ls_mapper.get(ls, ls)
dashes = [mlines._get_dash_pattern(ls)]
else:
try:
dashes = [mlines._get_dash_pattern(ls)]
except ValueError:
dashes = [mlines._get_dash_pattern(x) for x in ls]
except ValueError as err:
raise ValueError('Do not know how to convert {!r} to '
'dashes'.format(ls)) from err
# get the list of raw 'unscaled' dash patterns
self._us_linestyles = dashes
# broadcast and scale the lw and dash patterns
self._linewidths, self._linestyles = self._bcast_lwls(
self._us_lw, self._us_linestyles)
[docs] def set_capstyle(self, cs):
"""
Set the capstyle for the collection (for all its elements).
Parameters
----------
cs : {'butt', 'round', 'projecting'}
The capstyle.
"""
mpl.rcsetup.validate_capstyle(cs)
self._capstyle = cs
[docs] def get_capstyle(self):
return self._capstyle
[docs] def set_joinstyle(self, js):
"""
Set the joinstyle for the collection (for all its elements).
Parameters
----------
js : {'miter', 'round', 'bevel'}
The joinstyle.
"""
mpl.rcsetup.validate_joinstyle(js)
self._joinstyle = js
[docs] def get_joinstyle(self):
return self._joinstyle
@staticmethod
def _bcast_lwls(linewidths, dashes):
"""
Internal helper function to broadcast + scale ls/lw
In the collection drawing code, the linewidth and linestyle are cycled
through as circular buffers (via ``v[i % len(v)]``). Thus, if we are
going to scale the dash pattern at set time (not draw time) we need to
do the broadcasting now and expand both lists to be the same length.
Parameters
----------
linewidths : list
line widths of collection
dashes : list
dash specification (offset, (dash pattern tuple))
Returns
-------
linewidths, dashes : list
Will be the same length, dashes are scaled by paired linewidth
"""
if mpl.rcParams['_internal.classic_mode']:
return linewidths, dashes
# make sure they are the same length so we can zip them
if len(dashes) != len(linewidths):
l_dashes = len(dashes)
l_lw = len(linewidths)
gcd = math.gcd(l_dashes, l_lw)
dashes = list(dashes) * (l_lw // gcd)
linewidths = list(linewidths) * (l_dashes // gcd)
# scale the dash patters
dashes = [mlines._scale_dashes(o, d, lw)
for (o, d), lw in zip(dashes, linewidths)]
return linewidths, dashes
[docs] def set_antialiased(self, aa):
"""
Set the antialiasing state for rendering.
Parameters
----------
aa : bool or list of bools
"""
if aa is None:
aa = mpl.rcParams['patch.antialiased']
self._antialiaseds = np.atleast_1d(np.asarray(aa, bool))
self.stale = True
[docs] def set_color(self, c):
"""
Set both the edgecolor and the facecolor.
Parameters
----------
c : color or list of rgba tuples
See Also
--------
Collection.set_facecolor, Collection.set_edgecolor
For setting the edge or face color individually.
"""
self.set_facecolor(c)
self.set_edgecolor(c)
def _set_facecolor(self, c):
if c is None:
c = mpl.rcParams['patch.facecolor']
self._is_filled = True
try:
if c.lower() == 'none':
self._is_filled = False
except AttributeError:
pass
self._facecolors = mcolors.to_rgba_array(c, self._alpha)
self.stale = True
[docs] def set_facecolor(self, c):
"""
Set the facecolor(s) of the collection. *c* can be a color (all patches
have same color), or a sequence of colors; if it is a sequence the
patches will cycle through the sequence.
If *c* is 'none', the patch will not be filled.
Parameters
----------
c : color or list of colors
"""
self._original_facecolor = c
self._set_facecolor(c)
[docs] def get_facecolor(self):
return self._facecolors
[docs] def get_edgecolor(self):
if cbook._str_equal(self._edgecolors, 'face'):
return self.get_facecolor()
else:
return self._edgecolors
def _set_edgecolor(self, c):
set_hatch_color = True
if c is None:
if (mpl.rcParams['patch.force_edgecolor'] or
not self._is_filled or self._edge_default):
c = mpl.rcParams['patch.edgecolor']
else:
c = 'none'
set_hatch_color = False
self._is_stroked = True
try:
if c.lower() == 'none':
self._is_stroked = False
except AttributeError:
pass
try:
if c.lower() == 'face': # Special case: lookup in "get" method.
self._edgecolors = 'face'
return
except AttributeError:
pass
self._edgecolors = mcolors.to_rgba_array(c, self._alpha)
if set_hatch_color and len(self._edgecolors):
self._hatch_color = tuple(self._edgecolors[0])
self.stale = True
[docs] def set_edgecolor(self, c):
"""
Set the edgecolor(s) of the collection.
Parameters
----------
c : color or list of colors or 'face'
The collection edgecolor(s). If a sequence, the patches cycle
through it. If 'face', match the facecolor.
"""
self._original_edgecolor = c
self._set_edgecolor(c)
[docs] def set_alpha(self, alpha):
# docstring inherited
super().set_alpha(alpha)
self._update_dict['array'] = True
self._set_facecolor(self._original_facecolor)
self._set_edgecolor(self._original_edgecolor)
[docs] def get_linewidth(self):
return self._linewidths
[docs] def get_linestyle(self):
return self._linestyles
[docs] def update_scalarmappable(self):
"""Update colors from the scalar mappable array, if it is not None."""
if self._A is None:
return
# QuadMesh can map 2d arrays
if self._A.ndim > 1 and not isinstance(self, QuadMesh):
raise ValueError('Collections can only map rank 1 arrays')
if not self._check_update("array"):
return
if self._is_filled:
self._facecolors = self.to_rgba(self._A, self._alpha)
elif self._is_stroked:
self._edgecolors = self.to_rgba(self._A, self._alpha)
self.stale = True
[docs] def get_fill(self):
"""Return whether fill is set."""
return self._is_filled
[docs] def update_from(self, other):
"""Copy properties from other to self."""
artist.Artist.update_from(self, other)
self._antialiaseds = other._antialiaseds
self._original_edgecolor = other._original_edgecolor
self._edgecolors = other._edgecolors
self._original_facecolor = other._original_facecolor
self._facecolors = other._facecolors
self._linewidths = other._linewidths
self._linestyles = other._linestyles
self._us_linestyles = other._us_linestyles
self._pickradius = other._pickradius
self._hatch = other._hatch
# update_from for scalarmappable
self._A = other._A
self.norm = other.norm
self.cmap = other.cmap
# do we need to copy self._update_dict? -JJL
self.stale = True
class _CollectionWithSizes(Collection):
"""
Base class for collections that have an array of sizes.
"""
_factor = 1.0
def get_sizes(self):
"""
Return the sizes ('areas') of the elements in the collection.
Returns
-------
array
The 'area' of each element.
"""
return self._sizes
def set_sizes(self, sizes, dpi=72.0):
"""
Set the sizes of each member of the collection.
Parameters
----------
sizes : ndarray or None
The size to set for each element of the collection. The
value is the 'area' of the element.
dpi : float, default: 72
The dpi of the canvas.
"""
if sizes is None:
self._sizes = np.array([])
self._transforms = np.empty((0, 3, 3))
else:
self._sizes = np.asarray(sizes)
self._transforms = np.zeros((len(self._sizes), 3, 3))
scale = np.sqrt(self._sizes) * dpi / 72.0 * self._factor
self._transforms[:, 0, 0] = scale
self._transforms[:, 1, 1] = scale
self._transforms[:, 2, 2] = 1.0
self.stale = True
@artist.allow_rasterization
def draw(self, renderer):
self.set_sizes(self._sizes, self.figure.dpi)
Collection.draw(self, renderer)
[docs]class PathCollection(_CollectionWithSizes):
r"""
A collection of `~.path.Path`\s, as created by e.g. `~.Axes.scatter`.
"""
def __init__(self, paths, sizes=None, **kwargs):
"""
Parameters
----------
paths : list of `.path.Path`
The paths that will make up the `.Collection`.
sizes : array-like
The factor by which to scale each drawn `~.path.Path`. One unit
squared in the Path's data space is scaled to be ``sizes**2``
points when rendered.
**kwargs
Forwarded to `.Collection`.
"""
super().__init__(**kwargs)
self.set_paths(paths)
self.set_sizes(sizes)
self.stale = True
[docs] def set_paths(self, paths):
self._paths = paths
self.stale = True
[docs] def get_paths(self):
return self._paths
[docs] def legend_elements(self, prop="colors", num="auto",
fmt=None, func=lambda x: x, **kwargs):
"""
Create legend handles and labels for a PathCollection.
Each legend handle is a `.Line2D` representing the Path that was drawn,
and each label is a string what each Path represents.
This is useful for obtaining a legend for a `~.Axes.scatter` plot;
e.g.::
scatter = plt.scatter([1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], c=[7, 2, 3])
plt.legend(*scatter.legend_elements())
creates three legend elements, one for each color with the numerical
values passed to *c* as the labels.
Also see the :ref:`automatedlegendcreation` example.
Parameters
----------
prop : {"colors", "sizes"}, default: "colors"
If "colors", the legend handles will show the different colors of
the collection. If "sizes", the legend will show the different
sizes. To set both, use *kwargs* to directly edit the `.Line2D`
properties.
num : int, None, "auto" (default), array-like, or `~.ticker.Locator`,
Target number of elements to create.
If None, use all unique elements of the mappable array. If an
integer, target to use *num* elements in the normed range.
If *"auto"*, try to determine which option better suits the nature
of the data.
The number of created elements may slightly deviate from *num* due
to a `~.ticker.Locator` being used to find useful locations.
If a list or array, use exactly those elements for the legend.
Finally, a `~.ticker.Locator` can be provided.
fmt : str, `~matplotlib.ticker.Formatter`, or None (default)
The format or formatter to use for the labels. If a string must be
a valid input for a `~.StrMethodFormatter`. If None (the default),
use a `~.ScalarFormatter`.
func : function, default *lambda x: x*
Function to calculate the labels. Often the size (or color)
argument to `~.Axes.scatter` will have been pre-processed by the
user using a function ``s = f(x)`` to make the markers visible;
e.g. ``size = np.log10(x)``. Providing the inverse of this
function here allows that pre-processing to be inverted, so that
the legend labels have the correct values; e.g. ``func = lambda
x: 10**x``.
**kwargs
Allowed keyword arguments are *color* and *size*. E.g. it may be
useful to set the color of the markers if *prop="sizes"* is used;
similarly to set the size of the markers if *prop="colors"* is
used. Any further parameters are passed onto the `.Line2D`
instance. This may be useful to e.g. specify a different
*markeredgecolor* or *alpha* for the legend handles.
Returns
-------
handles : list of `.Line2D`
Visual representation of each element of the legend.
labels : list of str
The string labels for elements of the legend.
"""
handles = []
labels = []
hasarray = self.get_array() is not None
if fmt is None:
fmt = mpl.ticker.ScalarFormatter(useOffset=False, useMathText=True)
elif isinstance(fmt, str):
fmt = mpl.ticker.StrMethodFormatter(fmt)
fmt.create_dummy_axis()
if prop == "colors":
if not hasarray:
warnings.warn("Collection without array used. Make sure to "
"specify the values to be colormapped via the "
"`c` argument.")
return handles, labels
u = np.unique(self.get_array())
size = kwargs.pop("size", mpl.rcParams["lines.markersize"])
elif prop == "sizes":
u = np.unique(self.get_sizes())
color = kwargs.pop("color", "k")
else:
raise ValueError("Valid values for `prop` are 'colors' or "
f"'sizes'. You supplied '{prop}' instead.")
fmt.set_bounds(func(u).min(), func(u).max())
if num == "auto":
num = 9
if len(u) <= num:
num = None
if num is None:
values = u
label_values = func(values)
else:
if prop == "colors":
arr = self.get_array()
elif prop == "sizes":
arr = self.get_sizes()
if isinstance(num, mpl.ticker.Locator):
loc = num
elif np.iterable(num):
loc = mpl.ticker.FixedLocator(num)
else:
num = int(num)
loc = mpl.ticker.MaxNLocator(nbins=num, min_n_ticks=num-1,
steps=[1, 2, 2.5, 3, 5, 6, 8, 10])
label_values = loc.tick_values(func(arr).min(), func(arr).max())
cond = ((label_values >= func(arr).min()) &
(label_values <= func(arr).max()))
label_values = label_values[cond]
xarr = np.linspace(arr.min(), arr.max(), 256)
values = np.interp(label_values, func(xarr), xarr)
kw = dict(markeredgewidth=self.get_linewidths()[0],
alpha=self.get_alpha())
kw.update(kwargs)
for val, lab in zip(values, label_values):
if prop == "colors":
color = self.cmap(self.norm(val))
elif prop == "sizes":
size = np.sqrt(val)
if np.isclose(size, 0.0):
continue
h = mlines.Line2D([0], [0], ls="", color=color, ms=size,
marker=self.get_paths()[0], **kw)
handles.append(h)
if hasattr(fmt, "set_locs"):
fmt.set_locs(label_values)
l = fmt(lab)
labels.append(l)
return handles, labels
[docs]class PolyCollection(_CollectionWithSizes):
def __init__(self, verts, sizes=None, closed=True, **kwargs):
"""
Parameters
----------
verts : list of array-like
The sequence of polygons [*verts0*, *verts1*, ...] where each
element *verts_i* defines the vertices of polygon *i* as a 2D
array-like of shape (M, 2).
sizes : array-like, default: None
Squared scaling factors for the polygons. The coordinates of each
polygon *verts_i* are multiplied by the square-root of the
corresponding entry in *sizes* (i.e., *sizes* specify the scaling
of areas). The scaling is applied before the Artist master
transform.
closed : bool, default: True
Whether the polygon should be closed by adding a CLOSEPOLY
connection at the end.
**kwargs
Forwarded to `.Collection`.
"""
Collection.__init__(self, **kwargs)
self.set_sizes(sizes)
self.set_verts(verts, closed)
self.stale = True
[docs] def set_verts(self, verts, closed=True):
"""
Set the vertices of the polygons.
Parameters
----------
verts : list of array-like
The sequence of polygons [*verts0*, *verts1*, ...] where each
element *verts_i* defines the vertices of polygon *i* as a 2D
array-like of shape (M, 2).
closed : bool, default: True
Whether the polygon should be closed by adding a CLOSEPOLY
connection at the end.
"""
self.stale = True
if isinstance(verts, np.ma.MaskedArray):
verts = verts.astype(float).filled(np.nan)
# No need to do anything fancy if the path isn't closed.
if not closed:
self._paths = [mpath.Path(xy) for xy in verts]
return
# Fast path for arrays
if isinstance(verts, np.ndarray) and len(verts.shape) == 3:
verts_pad = np.concatenate((verts, verts[:, :1]), axis=1)
# Creating the codes once is much faster than having Path do it
# separately each time by passing closed=True.
codes = np.empty(verts_pad.shape[1], dtype=mpath.Path.code_type)
codes[:] = mpath.Path.LINETO
codes[0] = mpath.Path.MOVETO
codes[-1] = mpath.Path.CLOSEPOLY
self._paths = [mpath.Path(xy, codes) for xy in verts_pad]
return
self._paths = []
for xy in verts:
if len(xy):
if isinstance(xy, np.ma.MaskedArray):
xy = np.ma.concatenate([xy, xy[:1]])
else:
xy = np.concatenate([xy, xy[:1]])
self._paths.append(mpath.Path(xy, closed=True))
else:
self._paths.append(mpath.Path(xy))
set_paths = set_verts
[docs] def set_verts_and_codes(self, verts, codes):
"""Initialize vertices with path codes."""
if len(verts) != len(codes):
raise ValueError("'codes' must be a 1D list or array "
"with the same length of 'verts'")
self._paths = []
for xy, cds in zip(verts, codes):
if len(xy):
self._paths.append(mpath.Path(xy, cds))
else:
self._paths.append(mpath.Path(xy))
self.stale = True
[docs]class BrokenBarHCollection(PolyCollection):
"""
A collection of horizontal bars spanning *yrange* with a sequence of
*xranges*.
"""
def __init__(self, xranges, yrange, **kwargs):
"""
Parameters
----------
xranges : list of (float, float)
The sequence of (left-edge-position, width) pairs for each bar.
yrange : (float, float)
The (lower-edge, height) common to all bars.
**kwargs
Forwarded to `.Collection`.
"""
ymin, ywidth = yrange
ymax = ymin + ywidth
verts = [[(xmin, ymin),
(xmin, ymax),
(xmin + xwidth, ymax),
(xmin + xwidth, ymin),
(xmin, ymin)] for xmin, xwidth in xranges]
PolyCollection.__init__(self, verts, **kwargs)
[docs] @classmethod
def span_where(cls, x, ymin, ymax, where, **kwargs):
"""
Return a `.BrokenBarHCollection` that plots horizontal bars from
over the regions in *x* where *where* is True. The bars range
on the y-axis from *ymin* to *ymax*
*kwargs* are passed on to the collection.
"""
xranges = []
for ind0, ind1 in cbook.contiguous_regions(where):
xslice = x[ind0:ind1]
if not len(xslice):
continue
xranges.append((xslice[0], xslice[-1] - xslice[0]))
return cls(xranges, [ymin, ymax - ymin], **kwargs)
[docs]class RegularPolyCollection(_CollectionWithSizes):
"""A collection of n-sided regular polygons."""
_path_generator = mpath.Path.unit_regular_polygon
_factor = np.pi ** (-1/2)
def __init__(self,
numsides,
rotation=0,
sizes=(1,),
**kwargs):
"""
Parameters
----------
numsides : int
The number of sides of the polygon.
rotation : float
The rotation of the polygon in radians.
sizes : tuple of float
The area of the circle circumscribing the polygon in points^2.
**kwargs
Forwarded to `.Collection`.
Examples
--------
See :doc:`/gallery/event_handling/lasso_demo` for a complete example::
offsets = np.random.rand(20, 2)
facecolors = [cm.jet(x) for x in np.random.rand(20)]
collection = RegularPolyCollection(
numsides=5, # a pentagon
rotation=0, sizes=(50,),
facecolors=facecolors,
edgecolors=("black",),
linewidths=(1,),
offsets=offsets,
transOffset=ax.transData,
)
"""
Collection.__init__(self, **kwargs)
self.set_sizes(sizes)
self._numsides = numsides
self._paths = [self._path_generator(numsides)]
self._rotation = rotation
self.set_transform(transforms.IdentityTransform())
[docs] def get_numsides(self):
return self._numsides
[docs] def get_rotation(self):
return self._rotation
[docs] @artist.allow_rasterization
def draw(self, renderer):
self.set_sizes(self._sizes, self.figure.dpi)
self._transforms = [
transforms.Affine2D(x).rotate(-self._rotation).get_matrix()
for x in self._transforms
]
Collection.draw(self, renderer)
[docs]class StarPolygonCollection(RegularPolyCollection):
"""Draw a collection of regular stars with *numsides* points."""
_path_generator = mpath.Path.unit_regular_star
[docs]class AsteriskPolygonCollection(RegularPolyCollection):
"""Draw a collection of regular asterisks with *numsides* points."""
_path_generator = mpath.Path.unit_regular_asterisk
[docs]class LineCollection(Collection):
r"""
Represents a sequence of `.Line2D`\s that should be drawn together.
This class extends `.Collection` to represent a sequence of
`~.Line2D`\s instead of just a sequence of `~.Patch`\s.
Just as in `.Collection`, each property of a *LineCollection* may be either
a single value or a list of values. This list is then used cyclically for
each element of the LineCollection, so the property of the ``i``\th element
of the collection is::
prop[i % len(prop)]
The properties of each member of a *LineCollection* default to their values
in :rc:`lines.*` instead of :rc:`patch.*`, and the property *colors* is
added in place of *edgecolors*.
"""
_edge_default = True
def __init__(self, segments, # Can be None.
linewidths=None,
colors=None,
antialiaseds=None,
linestyles='solid',
offsets=None,
transOffset=None,
norm=None,
cmap=None,
pickradius=5,
zorder=2,
facecolors='none',
**kwargs
):
"""
Parameters
----------
segments: list of array-like
A sequence of (*line0*, *line1*, *line2*), where::
linen = (x0, y0), (x1, y1), ... (xm, ym)
or the equivalent numpy array with two columns. Each line
can have a different number of segments.
linewidths : float or list of float, default: :rc:`lines.linewidth`
The width of each line in points.
colors : color or list of color, default: :rc:`lines.color`
A sequence of RGBA tuples (e.g., arbitrary color strings, etc, not
allowed).
antialiaseds : bool or list of bool, default: :rc:`lines.antialiased`
Whether to use antialiasing for each line.
zorder : int, default: 2
zorder of the lines once drawn.
facecolors : color or list of color, default: 'none'
The facecolors of the LineCollection.
Setting to a value other than 'none' will lead to each line being
"filled in" as if there was an implicit line segment joining the
last and first points of that line back around to each other. In
order to manually specify what should count as the "interior" of
each line, please use `.PathCollection` instead, where the
"interior" can be specified by appropriate usage of
`~.path.Path.CLOSEPOLY`.
**kwargs
Forwareded to `.Collection`.
"""
if colors is None:
colors = mpl.rcParams['lines.color']
if linewidths is None:
linewidths = (mpl.rcParams['lines.linewidth'],)
if antialiaseds is None:
antialiaseds = (mpl.rcParams['lines.antialiased'],)
colors = mcolors.to_rgba_array(colors)
Collection.__init__(
self,
edgecolors=colors,
facecolors=facecolors,
linewidths=linewidths,
linestyles=linestyles,
antialiaseds=antialiaseds,
offsets=offsets,
transOffset=transOffset,
norm=norm,
cmap=cmap,
zorder=zorder,
**kwargs)
self.set_segments(segments)
[docs] def set_segments(self, segments):
if segments is None:
return
_segments = []
for seg in segments:
if not isinstance(seg, np.ma.MaskedArray):
seg = np.asarray(seg, float)
_segments.append(seg)
if self._uniform_offsets is not None:
_segments = self._add_offsets(_segments)
self._paths = [mpath.Path(_seg) for _seg in _segments]
self.stale = True
set_verts = set_segments # for compatibility with PolyCollection
set_paths = set_segments
[docs] def get_segments(self):
"""
Returns
-------
list
List of segments in the LineCollection. Each list item contains an
array of vertices.
"""
segments = []
for path in self._paths:
vertices = [vertex for vertex, _ in path.iter_segments()]
vertices = np.asarray(vertices)
segments.append(vertices)
return segments
def _add_offsets(self, segs):
offsets = self._uniform_offsets
Nsegs = len(segs)
Noffs = offsets.shape[0]
if Noffs == 1:
for i in range(Nsegs):
segs[i] = segs[i] + i * offsets
else:
for i in range(Nsegs):
io = i % Noffs
segs[i] = segs[i] + offsets[io:io + 1]
return segs
[docs] def set_color(self, c):
"""
Set the color(s) of the LineCollection.
Parameters
----------
c : color or list of colors
Single color (all patches have same color), or a
sequence of rgba tuples; if it is a sequence the patches will
cycle through the sequence.
"""
self.set_edgecolor(c)
self.stale = True
[docs] def get_color(self):
return self._edgecolors
get_colors = get_color # for compatibility with old versions
[docs]class EventCollection(LineCollection):
"""
A collection of locations along a single axis at which an "event" occured.
The events are given by a 1-dimensional array. They do not have an
amplitude and are displayed as parallel lines.
"""
_edge_default = True
def __init__(self,
positions, # Cannot be None.
orientation='horizontal',
lineoffset=0,
linelength=1,
linewidth=None,
color=None,
linestyle='solid',
antialiased=None,
**kwargs
):
"""
Parameters
----------
positions : 1D array-like
Each value is an event.
orientation : {'horizontal', 'vertical'}, default: 'horizontal'
The sequence of events is plotted along this direction.
The marker lines of the single events are along the orthogonal
direction.
lineoffset : float, default: 0
The offset of the center of the markers from the origin, in the
direction orthogonal to *orientation*.
linelength : float, default: 1
The total height of the marker (i.e. the marker stretches from
``lineoffset - linelength/2`` to ``lineoffset + linelength/2``).
linewidth : float or list thereof, default: :rc:`lines.linewidth`
The line width of the event lines, in points.
color : color or list of colors, default: :rc:`lines.color`
The color of the event lines.
linestyle : str or tuple or list thereof, default: 'solid'
Valid strings are ['solid', 'dashed', 'dashdot', 'dotted',
'-', '--', '-.', ':']. Dash tuples should be of the form::
(offset, onoffseq),
where *onoffseq* is an even length tuple of on and off ink
in points.
antialiased : bool or list thereof, default: :rc:`lines.antialiased`
Whether to use antialiasing for drawing the lines.
**kwargs
Forwarded to `.LineCollection`.
Examples
--------
.. plot:: gallery/lines_bars_and_markers/eventcollection_demo.py
"""
LineCollection.__init__(self,
[],
linewidths=linewidth,
colors=color,
antialiaseds=antialiased,
linestyles=linestyle,
**kwargs)
self._is_horizontal = True # Initial value, may be switched below.
self._linelength = linelength
self._lineoffset = lineoffset
self.set_orientation(orientation)
self.set_positions(positions)
[docs] def get_positions(self):
"""
Return an array containing the floating-point values of the positions.
"""
pos = 0 if self.is_horizontal() else 1
return [segment[0, pos] for segment in self.get_segments()]
[docs] def set_positions(self, positions):
"""Set the positions of the events."""
if positions is None:
positions = []
if np.ndim(positions) != 1:
raise ValueError('positions must be one-dimensional')
lineoffset = self.get_lineoffset()
linelength = self.get_linelength()
pos_idx = 0 if self.is_horizontal() else 1
segments = np.empty((len(positions), 2, 2))
segments[:, :, pos_idx] = np.sort(positions)[:, None]
segments[:, 0, 1 - pos_idx] = lineoffset + linelength / 2
segments[:, 1, 1 - pos_idx] = lineoffset - linelength / 2
self.set_segments(segments)
[docs] def add_positions(self, position):
"""Add one or more events at the specified positions."""
if position is None or (hasattr(position, 'len') and
len(position) == 0):
return
positions = self.get_positions()
positions = np.hstack([positions, np.asanyarray(position)])
self.set_positions(positions)
extend_positions = append_positions = add_positions
[docs] def is_horizontal(self):
"""True if the eventcollection is horizontal, False if vertical."""
return self._is_horizontal
[docs] def get_orientation(self):
"""
Return the orientation of the event line ('horizontal' or 'vertical').
"""
return 'horizontal' if self.is_horizontal() else 'vertical'
[docs] def switch_orientation(self):
"""
Switch the orientation of the event line, either from vertical to
horizontal or vice versus.
"""
segments = self.get_segments()
for i, segment in enumerate(segments):
segments[i] = np.fliplr(segment)
self.set_segments(segments)
self._is_horizontal = not self.is_horizontal()
self.stale = True
[docs] def set_orientation(self, orientation=None):
"""
Set the orientation of the event line.
Parameters
----------
orientation : {'horizontal', 'vertical'}
"""
try:
is_horizontal = cbook._check_getitem(
{"horizontal": True, "vertical": False},
orientation=orientation)
except ValueError:
if (orientation is None or orientation.lower() == "none"
or orientation.lower() == "horizontal"):
is_horizontal = True
elif orientation.lower() == "vertical":
is_horizontal = False
else:
raise
normalized = "horizontal" if is_horizontal else "vertical"
cbook.warn_deprecated(
"3.3", message="Support for setting the orientation of "
f"EventCollection to {orientation!r} is deprecated since "
f"%(since)s and will be removed %(removal)s; please set it to "
f"{normalized!r} instead.")
if is_horizontal == self.is_horizontal():
return
self.switch_orientation()
[docs] def get_linelength(self):
"""Return the length of the lines used to mark each event."""
return self._linelength
[docs] def set_linelength(self, linelength):
"""Set the length of the lines used to mark each event."""
if linelength == self.get_linelength():
return
lineoffset = self.get_lineoffset()
segments = self.get_segments()
pos = 1 if self.is_horizontal() else 0
for segment in segments:
segment[0, pos] = lineoffset + linelength / 2.
segment[1, pos] = lineoffset - linelength / 2.
self.set_segments(segments)
self._linelength = linelength
[docs] def get_lineoffset(self):
"""Return the offset of the lines used to mark each event."""
return self._lineoffset
[docs] def set_lineoffset(self, lineoffset):
"""Set the offset of the lines used to mark each event."""
if lineoffset == self.get_lineoffset():
return
linelength = self.get_linelength()
segments = self.get_segments()
pos = 1 if self.is_horizontal() else 0
for segment in segments:
segment[0, pos] = lineoffset + linelength / 2.
segment[1, pos] = lineoffset - linelength / 2.
self.set_segments(segments)
self._lineoffset = lineoffset
[docs] def get_linewidth(self):
"""Get the width of the lines used to mark each event."""
return super(EventCollection, self).get_linewidth()[0]
[docs] def get_linewidths(self):
return super(EventCollection, self).get_linewidth()
[docs] def get_color(self):
"""Return the color of the lines used to mark each event."""
return self.get_colors()[0]
[docs]class CircleCollection(_CollectionWithSizes):
"""A collection of circles, drawn using splines."""
_factor = np.pi ** (-1/2)
def __init__(self, sizes, **kwargs):
"""
Parameters
----------
sizes : float or array-like
The area of each circle in points^2.
**kwargs
Forwarded to `.Collection`.
"""
Collection.__init__(self, **kwargs)
self.set_sizes(sizes)
self.set_transform(transforms.IdentityTransform())
self._paths = [mpath.Path.unit_circle()]
[docs]class EllipseCollection(Collection):
"""A collection of ellipses, drawn using splines."""
def __init__(self, widths, heights, angles, units='points', **kwargs):
"""
Parameters
----------
widths : array-like
The lengths of the first axes (e.g., major axis lengths).
heights : array-like
The lengths of second axes.
angles : array-like
The angles of the first axes, degrees CCW from the x-axis.
units : {'points', 'inches', 'dots', 'width', 'height', 'x', 'y', 'xy'}
The units in which majors and minors are given; 'width' and
'height' refer to the dimensions of the axes, while 'x' and 'y'
refer to the *offsets* data units. 'xy' differs from all others in
that the angle as plotted varies with the aspect ratio, and equals
the specified angle only when the aspect ratio is unity. Hence
it behaves the same as the `~.patches.Ellipse` with
``axes.transData`` as its transform.
**kwargs
Forwarded to `Collection`.
"""
Collection.__init__(self, **kwargs)
self._widths = 0.5 * np.asarray(widths).ravel()
self._heights = 0.5 * np.asarray(heights).ravel()
self._angles = np.deg2rad(angles).ravel()
self._units = units
self.set_transform(transforms.IdentityTransform())
self._transforms = np.empty((0, 3, 3))
self._paths = [mpath.Path.unit_circle()]
def _set_transforms(self):
"""Calculate transforms immediately before drawing."""
ax = self.axes
fig = self.figure
if self._units == 'xy':
sc = 1
elif self._units == 'x':
sc = ax.bbox.width / ax.viewLim.width
elif self._units == 'y':
sc = ax.bbox.height / ax.viewLim.height
elif self._units == 'inches':
sc = fig.dpi
elif self._units == 'points':
sc = fig.dpi / 72.0
elif self._units == 'width':
sc = ax.bbox.width
elif self._units == 'height':
sc = ax.bbox.height
elif self._units == 'dots':
sc = 1.0
else:
raise ValueError('unrecognized units: %s' % self._units)
self._transforms = np.zeros((len(self._widths), 3, 3))
widths = self._widths * sc
heights = self._heights * sc
sin_angle = np.sin(self._angles)
cos_angle = np.cos(self._angles)
self._transforms[:, 0, 0] = widths * cos_angle
self._transforms[:, 0, 1] = heights * -sin_angle
self._transforms[:, 1, 0] = widths * sin_angle
self._transforms[:, 1, 1] = heights * cos_angle
self._transforms[:, 2, 2] = 1.0
_affine = transforms.Affine2D
if self._units == 'xy':
m = ax.transData.get_affine().get_matrix().copy()
m[:2, 2:] = 0
self.set_transform(_affine(m))
[docs] @artist.allow_rasterization
def draw(self, renderer):
self._set_transforms()
Collection.draw(self, renderer)
[docs]class PatchCollection(Collection):
"""
A generic collection of patches.
This makes it easier to assign a color map to a heterogeneous
collection of patches.
This also may improve plotting speed, since PatchCollection will
draw faster than a large number of patches.
"""
def __init__(self, patches, match_original=False, **kwargs):
"""
*patches*
a sequence of Patch objects. This list may include
a heterogeneous assortment of different patch types.
*match_original*
If True, use the colors and linewidths of the original
patches. If False, new colors may be assigned by
providing the standard collection arguments, facecolor,
edgecolor, linewidths, norm or cmap.
If any of *edgecolors*, *facecolors*, *linewidths*, *antialiaseds* are
None, they default to their `.rcParams` patch setting, in sequence
form.
The use of `~matplotlib.cm.ScalarMappable` functionality is optional.
If the `~matplotlib.cm.ScalarMappable` matrix ``_A`` has been set (via
a call to `~.ScalarMappable.set_array`), at draw time a call to scalar
mappable will be made to set the face colors.
"""
if match_original:
def determine_facecolor(patch):
if patch.get_fill():
return patch.get_facecolor()
return [0, 0, 0, 0]
kwargs['facecolors'] = [determine_facecolor(p) for p in patches]
kwargs['edgecolors'] = [p.get_edgecolor() for p in patches]
kwargs['linewidths'] = [p.get_linewidth() for p in patches]
kwargs['linestyles'] = [p.get_linestyle() for p in patches]
kwargs['antialiaseds'] = [p.get_antialiased() for p in patches]
Collection.__init__(self, **kwargs)
self.set_paths(patches)
[docs] def set_paths(self, patches):
paths = [p.get_transform().transform_path(p.get_path())
for p in patches]
self._paths = paths
[docs]class TriMesh(Collection):
"""
Class for the efficient drawing of a triangular mesh using Gouraud shading.
A triangular mesh is a `~matplotlib.tri.Triangulation` object.
"""
def __init__(self, triangulation, **kwargs):
Collection.__init__(self, **kwargs)
self._triangulation = triangulation
self._shading = 'gouraud'
self._is_filled = True
self._bbox = transforms.Bbox.unit()
# Unfortunately this requires a copy, unless Triangulation
# was rewritten.
xy = np.hstack((triangulation.x.reshape(-1, 1),
triangulation.y.reshape(-1, 1)))
self._bbox.update_from_data_xy(xy)
[docs] def get_paths(self):
if self._paths is None:
self.set_paths()
return self._paths
[docs] def set_paths(self):
self._paths = self.convert_mesh_to_paths(self._triangulation)
[docs] @staticmethod
def convert_mesh_to_paths(tri):
"""
Convert a given mesh into a sequence of `~.Path` objects.
This function is primarily of use to implementers of backends that do
not directly support meshes.
"""
triangles = tri.get_masked_triangles()
verts = np.stack((tri.x[triangles], tri.y[triangles]), axis=-1)
return [mpath.Path(x) for x in verts]
[docs] @artist.allow_rasterization
def draw(self, renderer):
if not self.get_visible():
return
renderer.open_group(self.__class__.__name__, gid=self.get_gid())
transform = self.get_transform()
# Get a list of triangles and the color at each vertex.
tri = self._triangulation
triangles = tri.get_masked_triangles()
verts = np.stack((tri.x[triangles], tri.y[triangles]), axis=-1)
self.update_scalarmappable()
colors = self._facecolors[triangles]
gc = renderer.new_gc()
self._set_gc_clip(gc)
gc.set_linewidth(self.get_linewidth()[0])
renderer.draw_gouraud_triangles(gc, verts, colors, transform.frozen())
gc.restore()
renderer.close_group(self.__class__.__name__)
[docs]class QuadMesh(Collection):
"""
Class for the efficient drawing of a quadrilateral mesh.
A quadrilateral mesh consists of a grid of vertices.
The dimensions of this array are (*meshWidth* + 1, *meshHeight* + 1).
Each vertex in the mesh has a different set of "mesh coordinates"
representing its position in the topology of the mesh.
For any values (*m*, *n*) such that 0 <= *m* <= *meshWidth*
and 0 <= *n* <= *meshHeight*, the vertices at mesh coordinates
(*m*, *n*), (*m*, *n* + 1), (*m* + 1, *n* + 1), and (*m* + 1, *n*)
form one of the quadrilaterals in the mesh. There are thus
(*meshWidth* * *meshHeight*) quadrilaterals in the mesh. The mesh
need not be regular and the polygons need not be convex.
A quadrilateral mesh is represented by a (2 x ((*meshWidth* + 1) *
(*meshHeight* + 1))) numpy array *coordinates*, where each row is
the *x* and *y* coordinates of one of the vertices. To define the
function that maps from a data point to its corresponding color,
use the :meth:`set_cmap` method. Each of these arrays is indexed in
row-major order by the mesh coordinates of the vertex (or the mesh
coordinates of the lower left vertex, in the case of the colors).
For example, the first entry in *coordinates* is the coordinates of the
vertex at mesh coordinates (0, 0), then the one at (0, 1), then at (0, 2)
.. (0, meshWidth), (1, 0), (1, 1), and so on.
*shading* may be 'flat', or 'gouraud'
"""
def __init__(self, meshWidth, meshHeight, coordinates,
antialiased=True, shading='flat', **kwargs):
Collection.__init__(self, **kwargs)
self._meshWidth = meshWidth
self._meshHeight = meshHeight
# By converting to floats now, we can avoid that on every draw.
self._coordinates = np.asarray(coordinates, float).reshape(
(meshHeight + 1, meshWidth + 1, 2))
self._antialiased = antialiased
self._shading = shading
self._bbox = transforms.Bbox.unit()
self._bbox.update_from_data_xy(coordinates.reshape(
((meshWidth + 1) * (meshHeight + 1), 2)))
[docs] def get_paths(self):
if self._paths is None:
self.set_paths()
return self._paths
[docs] def set_paths(self):
self._paths = self.convert_mesh_to_paths(
self._meshWidth, self._meshHeight, self._coordinates)
self.stale = True
[docs] def get_datalim(self, transData):
return (self.get_transform() - transData).transform_bbox(self._bbox)
[docs] @staticmethod
def convert_mesh_to_paths(meshWidth, meshHeight, coordinates):
"""
Convert a given mesh into a sequence of `~.Path` objects.
This function is primarily of use to implementers of backends that do
not directly support quadmeshes.
"""
if isinstance(coordinates, np.ma.MaskedArray):
c = coordinates.data
else:
c = coordinates
points = np.concatenate((
c[:-1, :-1],
c[:-1, 1:],
c[1:, 1:],
c[1:, :-1],
c[:-1, :-1]
), axis=2)
points = points.reshape((meshWidth * meshHeight, 5, 2))
return [mpath.Path(x) for x in points]
[docs] def convert_mesh_to_triangles(self, meshWidth, meshHeight, coordinates):
"""
Convert a given mesh into a sequence of triangles, each point
with its own color. This is useful for experiments using
`~.RendererBase.draw_gouraud_triangle`.
"""
if isinstance(coordinates, np.ma.MaskedArray):
p = coordinates.data
else:
p = coordinates
p_a = p[:-1, :-1]
p_b = p[:-1, 1:]
p_c = p[1:, 1:]
p_d = p[1:, :-1]
p_center = (p_a + p_b + p_c + p_d) / 4.0
triangles = np.concatenate((
p_a, p_b, p_center,
p_b, p_c, p_center,
p_c, p_d, p_center,
p_d, p_a, p_center,
), axis=2)
triangles = triangles.reshape((meshWidth * meshHeight * 4, 3, 2))
c = self.get_facecolor().reshape((meshHeight + 1, meshWidth + 1, 4))
c_a = c[:-1, :-1]
c_b = c[:-1, 1:]
c_c = c[1:, 1:]
c_d = c[1:, :-1]
c_center = (c_a + c_b + c_c + c_d) / 4.0
colors = np.concatenate((
c_a, c_b, c_center,
c_b, c_c, c_center,
c_c, c_d, c_center,
c_d, c_a, c_center,
), axis=2)
colors = colors.reshape((meshWidth * meshHeight * 4, 3, 4))
return triangles, colors
[docs] @artist.allow_rasterization
def draw(self, renderer):
if not self.get_visible():
return
renderer.open_group(self.__class__.__name__, self.get_gid())
transform = self.get_transform()
transOffset = self.get_offset_transform()
offsets = self._offsets
if self.have_units():
if len(self._offsets):
xs = self.convert_xunits(self._offsets[:, 0])
ys = self.convert_yunits(self._offsets[:, 1])
offsets = np.column_stack([xs, ys])
self.update_scalarmappable()
if not transform.is_affine:
coordinates = self._coordinates.reshape((-1, 2))
coordinates = transform.transform(coordinates)
coordinates = coordinates.reshape(self._coordinates.shape)
transform = transforms.IdentityTransform()
else:
coordinates = self._coordinates
if not transOffset.is_affine:
offsets = transOffset.transform_non_affine(offsets)
transOffset = transOffset.get_affine()
gc = renderer.new_gc()
self._set_gc_clip(gc)
gc.set_linewidth(self.get_linewidth()[0])
if self._shading == 'gouraud':
triangles, colors = self.convert_mesh_to_triangles(
self._meshWidth, self._meshHeight, coordinates)
renderer.draw_gouraud_triangles(
gc, triangles, colors, transform.frozen())
else:
renderer.draw_quad_mesh(
gc, transform.frozen(), self._meshWidth, self._meshHeight,
coordinates, offsets, transOffset,
# Backends expect flattened rgba arrays (n*m, 4) for fc and ec
self.get_facecolor().reshape((-1, 4)),
self._antialiased, self.get_edgecolors().reshape((-1, 4)))
gc.restore()
renderer.close_group(self.__class__.__name__)
self.stale = False
patchstr = artist.kwdoc(Collection)
for k in ('QuadMesh', 'TriMesh', 'PolyCollection', 'BrokenBarHCollection',
'RegularPolyCollection', 'PathCollection',
'StarPolygonCollection', 'PatchCollection',
'CircleCollection', 'Collection',):
docstring.interpd.update({k: patchstr})
docstring.interpd.update(LineCollection=artist.kwdoc(LineCollection))
