"""
A collection of functions and objects for creating or placing inset axes.
"""
from matplotlib import cbook, docstring
from matplotlib.offsetbox import AnchoredOffsetbox
from matplotlib.patches import Patch, Rectangle
from matplotlib.path import Path
from matplotlib.transforms import Bbox, BboxTransformTo
from matplotlib.transforms import IdentityTransform, TransformedBbox
from . import axes_size as Size
from .parasite_axes import HostAxes
[docs]class InsetPosition:
[docs] @docstring.dedent_interpd
def __init__(self, parent, lbwh):
"""
An object for positioning an inset axes.
This is created by specifying the normalized coordinates in the axes,
instead of the figure.
Parameters
----------
parent : `matplotlib.axes.Axes`
Axes to use for normalizing coordinates.
lbwh : iterable of four floats
The left edge, bottom edge, width, and height of the inset axes, in
units of the normalized coordinate of the *parent* axes.
See Also
--------
:meth:`matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_axes_locator`
Examples
--------
The following bounds the inset axes to a box with 20%% of the parent
axes's height and 40%% of the width. The size of the axes specified
([0, 0, 1, 1]) ensures that the axes completely fills the bounding box:
>>> parent_axes = plt.gca()
>>> ax_ins = plt.axes([0, 0, 1, 1])
>>> ip = InsetPosition(ax, [0.5, 0.1, 0.4, 0.2])
>>> ax_ins.set_axes_locator(ip)
"""
self.parent = parent
self.lbwh = lbwh
[docs] def __call__(self, ax, renderer):
bbox_parent = self.parent.get_position(original=False)
trans = BboxTransformTo(bbox_parent)
bbox_inset = Bbox.from_bounds(*self.lbwh)
bb = TransformedBbox(bbox_inset, trans)
return bb
[docs]class AnchoredLocatorBase(AnchoredOffsetbox):
[docs] def __init__(self, bbox_to_anchor, offsetbox, loc,
borderpad=0.5, bbox_transform=None):
super().__init__(
loc, pad=0., child=None, borderpad=borderpad,
bbox_to_anchor=bbox_to_anchor, bbox_transform=bbox_transform
)
[docs] def draw(self, renderer):
raise RuntimeError("No draw method should be called")
[docs] def __call__(self, ax, renderer):
self.axes = ax
fontsize = renderer.points_to_pixels(self.prop.get_size_in_points())
self._update_offset_func(renderer, fontsize)
width, height, xdescent, ydescent = self.get_extent(renderer)
px, py = self.get_offset(width, height, 0, 0, renderer)
bbox_canvas = Bbox.from_bounds(px, py, width, height)
tr = ax.figure.transFigure.inverted()
bb = TransformedBbox(bbox_canvas, tr)
return bb
[docs]class AnchoredSizeLocator(AnchoredLocatorBase):
[docs] def __init__(self, bbox_to_anchor, x_size, y_size, loc,
borderpad=0.5, bbox_transform=None):
super().__init__(
bbox_to_anchor, None, loc,
borderpad=borderpad, bbox_transform=bbox_transform
)
self.x_size = Size.from_any(x_size)
self.y_size = Size.from_any(y_size)
[docs] def get_extent(self, renderer):
bbox = self.get_bbox_to_anchor()
dpi = renderer.points_to_pixels(72.)
r, a = self.x_size.get_size(renderer)
width = bbox.width * r + a * dpi
r, a = self.y_size.get_size(renderer)
height = bbox.height * r + a * dpi
xd, yd = 0, 0
fontsize = renderer.points_to_pixels(self.prop.get_size_in_points())
pad = self.pad * fontsize
return width + 2 * pad, height + 2 * pad, xd + pad, yd + pad
[docs]class AnchoredZoomLocator(AnchoredLocatorBase):
[docs] def __init__(self, parent_axes, zoom, loc,
borderpad=0.5,
bbox_to_anchor=None,
bbox_transform=None):
self.parent_axes = parent_axes
self.zoom = zoom
if bbox_to_anchor is None:
bbox_to_anchor = parent_axes.bbox
super().__init__(
bbox_to_anchor, None, loc, borderpad=borderpad,
bbox_transform=bbox_transform)
[docs] def get_extent(self, renderer):
bb = TransformedBbox(self.axes.viewLim, self.parent_axes.transData)
fontsize = renderer.points_to_pixels(self.prop.get_size_in_points())
pad = self.pad * fontsize
return (abs(bb.width * self.zoom) + 2 * pad,
abs(bb.height * self.zoom) + 2 * pad,
pad, pad)
[docs]class BboxPatch(Patch):
[docs] @docstring.dedent_interpd
def __init__(self, bbox, **kwargs):
"""
Patch showing the shape bounded by a Bbox.
Parameters
----------
bbox : `matplotlib.transforms.Bbox`
Bbox to use for the extents of this patch.
**kwargs
Patch properties. Valid arguments include:
%(Patch)s
"""
if "transform" in kwargs:
raise ValueError("transform should not be set")
kwargs["transform"] = IdentityTransform()
Patch.__init__(self, **kwargs)
self.bbox = bbox
[docs] def get_path(self):
# docstring inherited
x0, y0, x1, y1 = self.bbox.extents
return Path([(x0, y0), (x1, y0), (x1, y1), (x0, y1), (x0, y0)],
closed=True)
[docs]class BboxConnector(Patch):
[docs] @staticmethod
def get_bbox_edge_pos(bbox, loc):
"""
Helper function to obtain the location of a corner of a bbox
Parameters
----------
bbox : `matplotlib.transforms.Bbox`
loc : {1, 2, 3, 4}
Corner of *bbox*. Valid values are::
'upper right' : 1,
'upper left' : 2,
'lower left' : 3,
'lower right' : 4
Returns
-------
x, y : float
Coordinates of the corner specified by *loc*.
"""
x0, y0, x1, y1 = bbox.extents
if loc == 1:
return x1, y1
elif loc == 2:
return x0, y1
elif loc == 3:
return x0, y0
elif loc == 4:
return x1, y0
[docs] @staticmethod
def connect_bbox(bbox1, bbox2, loc1, loc2=None):
"""
Helper function to obtain a Path from one bbox to another.
Parameters
----------
bbox1, bbox2 : `matplotlib.transforms.Bbox`
Bounding boxes to connect.
loc1 : {1, 2, 3, 4}
Corner of *bbox1* to use. Valid values are::
'upper right' : 1,
'upper left' : 2,
'lower left' : 3,
'lower right' : 4
loc2 : {1, 2, 3, 4}, optional
Corner of *bbox2* to use. If None, defaults to *loc1*.
Valid values are::
'upper right' : 1,
'upper left' : 2,
'lower left' : 3,
'lower right' : 4
Returns
-------
path : `matplotlib.path.Path`
A line segment from the *loc1* corner of *bbox1* to the *loc2*
corner of *bbox2*.
"""
if isinstance(bbox1, Rectangle):
bbox1 = TransformedBbox(Bbox.unit(), bbox1.get_transform())
if isinstance(bbox2, Rectangle):
bbox2 = TransformedBbox(Bbox.unit(), bbox2.get_transform())
if loc2 is None:
loc2 = loc1
x1, y1 = BboxConnector.get_bbox_edge_pos(bbox1, loc1)
x2, y2 = BboxConnector.get_bbox_edge_pos(bbox2, loc2)
return Path([[x1, y1], [x2, y2]])
[docs] @docstring.dedent_interpd
def __init__(self, bbox1, bbox2, loc1, loc2=None, **kwargs):
"""
Connect two bboxes with a straight line.
Parameters
----------
bbox1, bbox2 : `matplotlib.transforms.Bbox`
Bounding boxes to connect.
loc1 : {1, 2, 3, 4}
Corner of *bbox1* to draw the line. Valid values are::
'upper right' : 1,
'upper left' : 2,
'lower left' : 3,
'lower right' : 4
loc2 : {1, 2, 3, 4}, optional
Corner of *bbox2* to draw the line. If None, defaults to *loc1*.
Valid values are::
'upper right' : 1,
'upper left' : 2,
'lower left' : 3,
'lower right' : 4
**kwargs
Patch properties for the line drawn. Valid arguments include:
%(Patch)s
"""
if "transform" in kwargs:
raise ValueError("transform should not be set")
kwargs["transform"] = IdentityTransform()
if 'fill' in kwargs:
Patch.__init__(self, **kwargs)
else:
fill = bool({'fc', 'facecolor', 'color'}.intersection(kwargs))
Patch.__init__(self, fill=fill, **kwargs)
self.bbox1 = bbox1
self.bbox2 = bbox2
self.loc1 = loc1
self.loc2 = loc2
[docs] def get_path(self):
# docstring inherited
return self.connect_bbox(self.bbox1, self.bbox2,
self.loc1, self.loc2)
[docs]class BboxConnectorPatch(BboxConnector):
[docs] @docstring.dedent_interpd
def __init__(self, bbox1, bbox2, loc1a, loc2a, loc1b, loc2b, **kwargs):
"""
Connect two bboxes with a quadrilateral.
The quadrilateral is specified by two lines that start and end at
corners of the bboxes. The four sides of the quadrilateral are defined
by the two lines given, the line between the two corners specified in
*bbox1* and the line between the two corners specified in *bbox2*.
Parameters
----------
bbox1, bbox2 : `matplotlib.transforms.Bbox`
Bounding boxes to connect.
loc1a, loc2a : {1, 2, 3, 4}
Corners of *bbox1* and *bbox2* to draw the first line.
Valid values are::
'upper right' : 1,
'upper left' : 2,
'lower left' : 3,
'lower right' : 4
loc1b, loc2b : {1, 2, 3, 4}
Corners of *bbox1* and *bbox2* to draw the second line.
Valid values are::
'upper right' : 1,
'upper left' : 2,
'lower left' : 3,
'lower right' : 4
**kwargs
Patch properties for the line drawn:
%(Patch)s
"""
if "transform" in kwargs:
raise ValueError("transform should not be set")
BboxConnector.__init__(self, bbox1, bbox2, loc1a, loc2a, **kwargs)
self.loc1b = loc1b
self.loc2b = loc2b
[docs] def get_path(self):
# docstring inherited
path1 = self.connect_bbox(self.bbox1, self.bbox2, self.loc1, self.loc2)
path2 = self.connect_bbox(self.bbox2, self.bbox1,
self.loc2b, self.loc1b)
path_merged = [*path1.vertices, *path2.vertices, path1.vertices[0]]
return Path(path_merged)
def _add_inset_axes(parent_axes, inset_axes):
"""Helper function to add an inset axes and disable navigation in it"""
parent_axes.figure.add_axes(inset_axes)
inset_axes.set_navigate(False)
[docs]@docstring.dedent_interpd
def inset_axes(parent_axes, width, height, loc='upper right',
bbox_to_anchor=None, bbox_transform=None,
axes_class=None,
axes_kwargs=None,
borderpad=0.5):
"""
Create an inset axes with a given width and height.
Both sizes used can be specified either in inches or percentage.
For example,::
inset_axes(parent_axes, width='40%%', height='30%%', loc=3)
creates in inset axes in the lower left corner of *parent_axes* which spans
over 30%% in height and 40%% in width of the *parent_axes*. Since the usage
of `.inset_axes` may become slightly tricky when exceeding such standard
cases, it is recommended to read :doc:`the examples
</gallery/axes_grid1/inset_locator_demo>`.
Notes
-----
The meaning of *bbox_to_anchor* and *bbox_to_transform* is interpreted
differently from that of legend. The value of bbox_to_anchor
(or the return value of its get_points method; the default is
*parent_axes.bbox*) is transformed by the bbox_transform (the default
is Identity transform) and then interpreted as points in the pixel
coordinate (which is dpi dependent).
Thus, following three calls are identical and creates an inset axes
with respect to the *parent_axes*::
axins = inset_axes(parent_axes, "30%%", "40%%")
axins = inset_axes(parent_axes, "30%%", "40%%",
bbox_to_anchor=parent_axes.bbox)
axins = inset_axes(parent_axes, "30%%", "40%%",
bbox_to_anchor=(0, 0, 1, 1),
bbox_transform=parent_axes.transAxes)
Parameters
----------
parent_axes : `matplotlib.axes.Axes`
Axes to place the inset axes.
width, height : float or str
Size of the inset axes to create. If a float is provided, it is
the size in inches, e.g. *width=1.3*. If a string is provided, it is
the size in relative units, e.g. *width='40%%'*. By default, i.e. if
neither *bbox_to_anchor* nor *bbox_transform* are specified, those
are relative to the parent_axes. Otherwise they are to be understood
relative to the bounding box provided via *bbox_to_anchor*.
loc : int or str, default: 1
Location to place the inset axes. The valid locations are::
'upper right' : 1,
'upper left' : 2,
'lower left' : 3,
'lower right' : 4,
'right' : 5,
'center left' : 6,
'center right' : 7,
'lower center' : 8,
'upper center' : 9,
'center' : 10
bbox_to_anchor : tuple or `matplotlib.transforms.BboxBase`, optional
Bbox that the inset axes will be anchored to. If None,
a tuple of (0, 0, 1, 1) is used if *bbox_transform* is set
to *parent_axes.transAxes* or *parent_axes.figure.transFigure*.
Otherwise, *parent_axes.bbox* is used. If a tuple, can be either
[left, bottom, width, height], or [left, bottom].
If the kwargs *width* and/or *height* are specified in relative units,
the 2-tuple [left, bottom] cannot be used. Note that,
unless *bbox_transform* is set, the units of the bounding box
are interpreted in the pixel coordinate. When using *bbox_to_anchor*
with tuple, it almost always makes sense to also specify
a *bbox_transform*. This might often be the axes transform
*parent_axes.transAxes*.
bbox_transform : `matplotlib.transforms.Transform`, optional
Transformation for the bbox that contains the inset axes.
If None, a `.transforms.IdentityTransform` is used. The value
of *bbox_to_anchor* (or the return value of its get_points method)
is transformed by the *bbox_transform* and then interpreted
as points in the pixel coordinate (which is dpi dependent).
You may provide *bbox_to_anchor* in some normalized coordinate,
and give an appropriate transform (e.g., *parent_axes.transAxes*).
axes_class : `matplotlib.axes.Axes` type, optional
If specified, the inset axes created will be created with this class's
constructor.
axes_kwargs : dict, optional
Keyworded arguments to pass to the constructor of the inset axes.
Valid arguments include:
%(Axes)s
borderpad : float, default: 0.5
Padding between inset axes and the bbox_to_anchor.
The units are axes font size, i.e. for a default font size of 10 points
*borderpad = 0.5* is equivalent to a padding of 5 points.
Returns
-------
inset_axes : *axes_class*
Inset axes object created.
"""
if axes_class is None:
axes_class = HostAxes
if axes_kwargs is None:
inset_axes = axes_class(parent_axes.figure, parent_axes.get_position())
else:
inset_axes = axes_class(parent_axes.figure, parent_axes.get_position(),
**axes_kwargs)
if bbox_transform in [parent_axes.transAxes,
parent_axes.figure.transFigure]:
if bbox_to_anchor is None:
cbook._warn_external("Using the axes or figure transform "
"requires a bounding box in the respective "
"coordinates. "
"Using bbox_to_anchor=(0, 0, 1, 1) now.")
bbox_to_anchor = (0, 0, 1, 1)
if bbox_to_anchor is None:
bbox_to_anchor = parent_axes.bbox
if (isinstance(bbox_to_anchor, tuple) and
(isinstance(width, str) or isinstance(height, str))):
if len(bbox_to_anchor) != 4:
raise ValueError("Using relative units for width or height "
"requires to provide a 4-tuple or a "
"`Bbox` instance to `bbox_to_anchor.")
axes_locator = AnchoredSizeLocator(bbox_to_anchor,
width, height,
loc=loc,
bbox_transform=bbox_transform,
borderpad=borderpad)
inset_axes.set_axes_locator(axes_locator)
_add_inset_axes(parent_axes, inset_axes)
return inset_axes
[docs]@docstring.dedent_interpd
def zoomed_inset_axes(parent_axes, zoom, loc='upper right',
bbox_to_anchor=None, bbox_transform=None,
axes_class=None,
axes_kwargs=None,
borderpad=0.5):
"""
Create an anchored inset axes by scaling a parent axes. For usage, also see
:doc:`the examples </gallery/axes_grid1/inset_locator_demo2>`.
Parameters
----------
parent_axes : `matplotlib.axes.Axes`
Axes to place the inset axes.
zoom : float
Scaling factor of the data axes. *zoom* > 1 will enlargen the
coordinates (i.e., "zoomed in"), while *zoom* < 1 will shrink the
coordinates (i.e., "zoomed out").
loc : int or str, default: 'upper right'
Location to place the inset axes. The valid locations are::
'upper right' : 1,
'upper left' : 2,
'lower left' : 3,
'lower right' : 4,
'right' : 5,
'center left' : 6,
'center right' : 7,
'lower center' : 8,
'upper center' : 9,
'center' : 10
bbox_to_anchor : tuple or `matplotlib.transforms.BboxBase`, optional
Bbox that the inset axes will be anchored to. If None,
*parent_axes.bbox* is used. If a tuple, can be either
[left, bottom, width, height], or [left, bottom].
If the kwargs *width* and/or *height* are specified in relative units,
the 2-tuple [left, bottom] cannot be used. Note that
the units of the bounding box are determined through the transform
in use. When using *bbox_to_anchor* it almost always makes sense to
also specify a *bbox_transform*. This might often be the axes transform
*parent_axes.transAxes*.
bbox_transform : `matplotlib.transforms.Transform`, optional
Transformation for the bbox that contains the inset axes.
If None, a `.transforms.IdentityTransform` is used (i.e. pixel
coordinates). This is useful when not providing any argument to
*bbox_to_anchor*. When using *bbox_to_anchor* it almost always makes
sense to also specify a *bbox_transform*. This might often be the
axes transform *parent_axes.transAxes*. Inversely, when specifying
the axes- or figure-transform here, be aware that not specifying
*bbox_to_anchor* will use *parent_axes.bbox*, the units of which are
in display (pixel) coordinates.
axes_class : `matplotlib.axes.Axes` type, optional
If specified, the inset axes created will be created with this class's
constructor.
axes_kwargs : dict, optional
Keyworded arguments to pass to the constructor of the inset axes.
Valid arguments include:
%(Axes)s
borderpad : float, default: 0.5
Padding between inset axes and the bbox_to_anchor.
The units are axes font size, i.e. for a default font size of 10 points
*borderpad = 0.5* is equivalent to a padding of 5 points.
Returns
-------
inset_axes : *axes_class*
Inset axes object created.
"""
if axes_class is None:
axes_class = HostAxes
if axes_kwargs is None:
inset_axes = axes_class(parent_axes.figure, parent_axes.get_position())
else:
inset_axes = axes_class(parent_axes.figure, parent_axes.get_position(),
**axes_kwargs)
axes_locator = AnchoredZoomLocator(parent_axes, zoom=zoom, loc=loc,
bbox_to_anchor=bbox_to_anchor,
bbox_transform=bbox_transform,
borderpad=borderpad)
inset_axes.set_axes_locator(axes_locator)
_add_inset_axes(parent_axes, inset_axes)
return inset_axes
[docs]@docstring.dedent_interpd
def mark_inset(parent_axes, inset_axes, loc1, loc2, **kwargs):
"""
Draw a box to mark the location of an area represented by an inset axes.
This function draws a box in *parent_axes* at the bounding box of
*inset_axes*, and shows a connection with the inset axes by drawing lines
at the corners, giving a "zoomed in" effect.
Parameters
----------
parent_axes : `matplotlib.axes.Axes`
Axes which contains the area of the inset axes.
inset_axes : `matplotlib.axes.Axes`
The inset axes.
loc1, loc2 : {1, 2, 3, 4}
Corners to use for connecting the inset axes and the area in the
parent axes.
**kwargs
Patch properties for the lines and box drawn:
%(Patch)s
Returns
-------
pp : `matplotlib.patches.Patch`
The patch drawn to represent the area of the inset axes.
p1, p2 : `matplotlib.patches.Patch`
The patches connecting two corners of the inset axes and its area.
"""
rect = TransformedBbox(inset_axes.viewLim, parent_axes.transData)
if 'fill' in kwargs:
pp = BboxPatch(rect, **kwargs)
else:
fill = bool({'fc', 'facecolor', 'color'}.intersection(kwargs))
pp = BboxPatch(rect, fill=fill, **kwargs)
parent_axes.add_patch(pp)
p1 = BboxConnector(inset_axes.bbox, rect, loc1=loc1, **kwargs)
inset_axes.add_patch(p1)
p1.set_clip_on(False)
p2 = BboxConnector(inset_axes.bbox, rect, loc1=loc2, **kwargs)
inset_axes.add_patch(p2)
p2.set_clip_on(False)
return pp, p1, p2
